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A New Diagnostic Approach to the Adult Patient with Acute Dizziness.


13 Nov | Categories : Neurology Start a topic Comment Mail Share Download
Dizziness, a common chiefcomplaint, has an extensive differential diagnosis that includes both benignand serious conditions. Emergency physicians must distinguish the majority ofpatients with self-limiting conditions from those with serious illnesses thatrequire acute treatment. This article presents a new approach to diagnosis ofthe acutely dizzy patient that emphasizes different aspects of the history toguide a focused physical examination with the goal of differentiating benignperipheral vestibular conditions from dangerous posterior circulation strokesin the emergency department.ReadMore

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Hypocapnic cerebral hypoperfusion: A biomarker of orthostatic intolerance.


13 Nov | Categories : Neurology Start a topic Comment Mail Share Download
Single-centerretrospective study was conducted to identify markers of hypocapnic cerebralhypoperfusion (HYCH) in patients with orthostatic intolerance (OI) withouttachycardia and without orthostatic hypotension. The study results concludedthat both HYCH and Postural tachycardia syndrome (POTS) patients havecomparable decrease in cerebral blood flow velocity (CBFv) which is due tovasoconstrictive effect of hypocapnia. Blood flow velocity monitoring canprovide an objective biomarker for HYCH in OI patients without tachycardia.ReadMore ">

Multimodal Predictions of Super-Refractory Status Epilepticus and Outcome in Status Epilepticus Due to Acute Encephalitis.


13 Nov | Categories : Neurology Start a topic Comment Mail Share Download
Statusepilepticus (SE) is one of the most critical symptoms of encephalitis.Studies on early predictions of progression to super-refractory statusepilepticus (SRSE) and poor outcome in SE due toacute encephalitis are scarce. This study aims to investigate thevalues of neuroimaging and continuous electroencephalogram (EEG) in themultimodal prediction.ReadMore">

Primary Central Nervous System Germ Cell Tumors: A Review and Update


13 Nov | Categories : Neurology Start a topic Comment Mail Share Download
Primarycentral nervous system (CNS) germ cell tumors (GCT) are a heterogeneous groupof tumors that are still poorly understood. In North America, GCTs compriseapproximately 1% of primary brain tumors in pediatric and young adult patients.GCTs can occur as pure or mixed subtypes; they are divided into germinomas,which are the most common subtype, and non-germinomatous germ cell tumors(NGGCTs), which consist of approximately one-third of GCTs and includeteratomas, embryonal carcinomas, choriocarcinomas, and yolk sac tumors.  The current literature is reviewed to discussthe pathophysiology, clinical presentation, assessment and diagnosis,treatment, molecular biology, and prognosis of primary CNS GCTs.ReadMore">

Tensometric tremorography in high-precision medical diagnostic systems.


12 Nov | Categories : Neurology Start a topic Comment Mail Share Download
Tremor isa syndrome that indicates the abnormal state of the central nervous system,primarily in the motor brain regions. Analysis of tremor parametersprovide significant information about the changes in the body motion controland can be used as an objective index of the central nervous system state.Existing methods are aimed at the analysis of visible tremor based onthe use of different sensors.  Theauthors suggest an alternative approach based on the use of a tensometricsystem performing tremor measurements whenthe tremor appears on the background of voluntary isometric efforts.The key advantage of this approach is that it allows to determinethe tremor before its visible manifestation.ReadMore ">

The Role of Sex Hormones in Multiple Sclerosis


12 Nov | Categories : Neurology Start a topic Comment Mail Share Download
Multiplesclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory demyelination disorder with animmune-mediated pathophysiology that affects the central nervous system (CNS).  Like other autoimmune conditions, it has apredilection for female gender. This suggests a gender bias and a possible hormonalassociation. Inflammation and demyelination are hallmarks of MS. The aim of thearticle is to review the available research on sex hormone-specific immunemodulatory effects, assess its remyelination potential in MS, and suggest afuture path for more extensive research on sex hormone as a target fortherapeutics in MS.ReadMore">

Detection of HHV-6 and EBV and Cytokine Levels in Saliva From Children With Seizures: Results of a Multi-Center Cross-Sectional Study.


12 Nov | Categories : Neurology Start a topic Comment Mail Share Download
Onethird of children with epilepsy are refractory to medications. Growing datasupport a role of common childhood infections with neurotropic viruses andinflammation in epileptogenesis. A cross-sectional multi-center study wasconducted to determine the frequency of Human Herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) andEpstein-Barr Virus (EBV) infection and cytokine levels in saliva from childrenwith seizures compared to healthy controls and to controls with a febrileillness without seizures.ReadMore

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Low Levels of Renin and High Aldosterone-to-Renin Ratio Among Rheumatoid Patients and Ankylosing Spondylitis Patients: A Prospective Study.


6 Nov | Categories : Endocrinology Start a topic Comment Mail Share Download
Patients with rheumatic diseases, such asrheumatoid arthritis (RA) and ankylosing spondylitis (AS), encountersignificantly higher rates of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Toinvestigate the levels of renin and aldosterone in RA and AS patients, threegroups were recruited, patients with RA, patients with AS, and healthycontrols.  Patients with RA tended tohave lower levels of plasma renin compared to healthy subjects. This findingindicates that the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system might not be directlyinvolved in the process that results in increased cardiovascular events inrheumatoid arthritis.ReadMore">

Thyrovigilance in diabetes; glucovigilance in thyroidology.


6 Nov | Categories : Endocrinology Start a topic Comment Mail Share Download
The concept of glucocrinology calls for anunderstanding of the links between diabetes and endocrine function. One of themost clinically relevant aspects of glucocrinology is the relationshipof thyroid function and glucose metabolism. This review discusses thevigilance that one must exercise, with respect to thyroidand glycaemicstatus, while managing diabetes and thyroid disease respectively. Weterm this clinical approach as thyrovigilance in diabetes, and asglucovigilance in thyroidology.ReadMore ">

Long-term reduction in hyperglycemia in advanced type 1 diabetes: the value of induced aerobic glycolysis with BCG vaccinations


5 Nov | Categories : Diabetology Start a topic Comment Mail Share Download
The attenuated Mycobacterium bovis BacillusCalmette Guérin (BCG) strain has been administered globally for 100 years as avaccine against tuberculosis. BCG shows promise as treatment for numerousinflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Here, we report on a randomized 8-yearlong prospective examination of type 1 diabetic subjects with long-term diseasewho received two doses of the BCG vaccine. After year 3, BCG lowered hemoglobinA1c to near normal levels for the next 5 years. The BCG impact on blood sugarsappeared to be driven by a novel systemic and blood sugar lowering mechanism indiabetes.  ReadMore">